Asymmetric warfare (or asymmetric engagement) is war between belligerents whose relative military power differs significantly, or whose strategy or tactics differ significantly. Proxy Battles in Just War Theory:∗ Jus in Bello, the Site of Justice, and Feasibility Constraints Seth Lazar (ANU) and Laura Valentini (LSE) 1. Proxy war is covert and illegal, yet still frequently used as a strategy today. p. 55. The main international players in the proxy war are Saudi Arabia, who is supporting the Sunni rebels, and Russia and Iran, who are allying with the Assad regime. Jus in Bello, the Site of Justice, and Feasibility Constraints. proxy war synonyms, proxy war pronunciation, proxy war translation, English dictionary definition of proxy war. efficacy, utility, policy, coherence, control. Users without a subscription are not able to see the full content. This chapter presents a theory of how to conduct proxy war in a way that maximizes such a policy’s utility and efficacy. (c) Copyright Stanford University Press, 2020. Expanding upon the limited proxy war theory that exists is therefore vital. This work, arguing that proxy warfare is the dominant form of … The civil war in Syria is a rather convoluted example of a proxy war, which could partially be seen as an extension of both the Iranian/Saudi and Russian/American rivalries. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click on download. Information and translations of proxy war in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. contact us. Chapter: (p.166) 7 Proxy Battles in Just War Theory Source: Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy, Volume 3 Author(s): Seth Lazar Laura Valentini Publisher: Oxford University Press aforementioned analysis, to set the foundation for a general theory of proxy warfare. This general theory of proxy warfare should serve as the basis for a proxy warfare doctrine. For each country “security” is the prime interest and to satisfy this interest, power is a primary source. The role of proxy wars are best known from the Cold War, when conflicts played out in the context of competing ideologies: communism and democracy. While Pfaff’s analysis is normative in character, being based in the legal tradition of “just war theory” (jus ad bellum), the norms of proxy wars” at which he arrives map remarkably well onto the political considerations that lie at the heart of unconventional warfare strategy. Efficacy describes the proxy’s ability to enable the intervening state to accomplish its desired objectives. Other articles where Proxy war is discussed: Commonwealth of Independent States: A similar proxy war broke out in eastern Ukraine in 2014 after Russia’s illegal annexation of the Ukrainian autonomous republic of Crimea. The Strategy of War by Proxy. The devastating impact of proxy war is keenly felt in the Greater Middle East and its periphery. CHAPTER 4 A THEORY OF PROXY WAR (pp. A proxy war is defined to be "a war fought between groups of smaller countries that each represent the interests of other larger powers, and may have help and support from these". Public users can however freely search the site and view the abstracts and keywords for each book and chapter. Regardless of how well the proxy appears to fit the need, the reliance on another to pursue interests and objectives means that the intervening state must prepare for the additional costs and challenges associated with working through a third party. Define proxy war. A proxy war is an armed conflict between two states or non-state actors which act on the instigation or on behalf of other parties that are not directly involved in the hostilities. Proxy battles in just war theory: Jus in Bello, the site of justice, and feasibility constraints Lazar, Seth and Valentini, Laura (2016) Proxy battles in just war theory: Jus in Bello, the site of justice, and feasibility constraints. The Strategy of War by Proxy. Define proxy war. Utility refers to the idea that a proxy can do what is needed—that it can perform the tasks necessary to carry out the intervention. The term “proxy war” conjures images of the Cold War, when outside powers—namely, the United States and Soviet Union, but also regional players—treated local combatants as pawns on a geopolitical chessboard. The labels used until now to speak of the parties involved in indirect wars vary from “client” and “patron” to “principal” and “pawn”, and are essentially tributary to the Cold War quest for bloc building. THE CHARACTER OF PROXY WAR. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. This chapter presents a theory of how to conduct proxy war in a way that maximizes such a policy’s utility and efficacy. S even years into Syria’s “civil war,” the country is at greater risk than ever of being overrun by the proxy wars of other nations.. Ultimately, all this will likely produce a fragmentation of the country and a proxy war between Saudi-supported Sunni and Iranian-supported Shia, with the Kurds eventually going their own way. Instead, the purpose of this paper is to add to existing military theory and accepted precepts of war. In order for a conflict to be considered a proxy war, there must be a direct, long-term relationship between external actors and the belligerents involved. Regardless of how well the proxy appears to fit the need, the reliance on another to pursue interests and objectives means that the intervening state must prepare for the additional costs and challenges associated with working through a third party. Stanford Scholarship Online requires a subscription or purchase to access the full text of books within the service. Syria: the proxy war George Joffé NOREF Article August 2012 Executive summary It is now 18 months since the current crisis erupted in Syria. This theory sees the world with the logical and realistic point of view. Users without a subscription are not able to see the full content. These wars were essential in the concept of nuclear deterrence , allowing the Soviet Union and the United States to compete against each other indirectly and without the involvement of nuclear weapons, via conflicts such as the Vietnam War. Featured • Original Articles Historical background of anti-Shia violence in today’s Pakistan. To complicate things, proxy wars are indirect interventions in which a Beneficiary uses a Proxy against a specific Target. Power and security can be called as the two sides of same coin. Public users can however freely search the site and view the abstracts and keywords for each book and chapter. Regardless of how well the proxy appears to fit the need, the reliance on another to pursue interests and objectives means that the intervening state must prepare for the additional costs and challenges associated with working through a third party. Published to University Press Scholarship Online: September 2019, DOI: 10.11126/stanford/9781503608184.001.0001. Therefore, efficacy represents the long-term perspective. Proxy war: | | | Part of a series about | | | ... World Heritage Encyclopedia, the aggregation of the largest online encyclopedias available, and the most definitive collection ever assembled. This chapter presents a theory of how to conduct proxy war in a way that maximizes such a policy’s utility and efficacy. Please, subscribe or login to access full text content. The goal of the United States was to stop the spread of communism while the Soviet Union wanted to spread communism in order to increase their own sphere of influence. 17. For the most part such substitutes where minor Particularly during the Cold War, the US and USSR engaged in proxy wars by providing material and other forms of aid to competing sides of conflicts, such as in the Cold War-era Arab-Israeli wars (Bar-Siman-Tov 1984, 263). 83-124) DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvqsdq0k.7 CHANCES ARE, a proxy war policy will go ahead despite suboptimal conditions. Most fighters (ISIS excluded) are driven by parochial—even personal—issues. Greek Civil War The Greek Civil War was fought from 1946 to 1949 between the democrats with Greece, backed by the United Kingdom and United States. In: Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy. The labels used until now to speak of the parties involved in indirect wars vary from “client” and “patron” to “principal” and “pawn”, and are essentially tributary to the Cold War quest for bloc building. In order for a conflict to be considered a proxy war, there must be a direct, long-term relationship between external actors and the belligerents involved. October 11, 2020. Utility refers to the idea that a proxy can do what is needed—that it can perform the tasks necessary to carry out the intervention. Regardless of how well the proxy appears to fit the need, the reliance on another to pursue interests and objectives means that the intervening state must prepare for the additional costs and challenges … FAQs, and if you can't find the answer there, please Published to Stanford Scholarship Online: September 2019, DOI: 10.11126/stanford/9781503608184.001.0001, PRINTED FROM STANFORD SCHOLARSHIP ONLINE (www.stanford.universitypressscholarship.com). The theory articulates two models of proxy warfare, a transactional model and an exploitative model. In order for a conflict to be considered a proxy war, there must be a direct, long-term relationship between external actors and the belligerents involved. The picture these theories paint of proxies are built upon principal-agent relationships and metered by strategic risk. This theory stated that if one nation in South East Asia "went red" then all the nations in the region would follow suit. A proxy war occurs when a major power instigates or plays a major role in supporting and directing a party to a conflict but does only a small portion of the actual fighting itself. This chapter presents a theory of how to conduct proxy war in a way that maximizes such a policy’s utility and efficacy. Chapter: (p.166) 7 Proxy Battles in Just War Theory Source: Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy, Volume 3 Author(s): Seth Lazar Laura Valentini Publisher: Oxford University Press Understanding that proxy war is not unique to one method of warfighting, but instead possess its own nuance, it is instructive to note that the United States lacks a coherent theory of war or related doctrine to support proxy war. While Pfaff’s analysis is normative in character, being based in the legal tradition of “just war theory” (jus ad bellum), the norms of proxy wars” at which he arrives map remarkably well onto the political considerations that lie at the heart of unconventional warfare strategy. One of these models is found any time proxy environments exist. efficacy, utility, policy, coherence, control. . However, this pre-Cold War scholarship on proxy wars focused predominantly on the use of proxies by superpowers to avoid conflict escalation and nuclear confrontation. The theory articulates two models of proxy warfare, a This chapter explores how certain conditions and methods lead to maximizing a proxy’s utility and efficacy. Proxy wars were first defined by the way they manifested during the era of the Cold War: indirect confrontation between superpowers via substitute actors. To complicate things, proxy wars are indirect interventions in which a Beneficiary uses a Proxy against a specific Target. proxy war definition: 1. a war fought between groups or smaller countries that each represent the interests of other…. Introduction Interest in just war theory has boomed in recent years, as a revisionist school of thought has challenged the orthodoxy of international law, most famously defended by Michael Walzer [1977]. Definition of proxy war in the Definitions.net dictionary. Efficacy describes the proxy’s ability to enable the intervening state to accomplish its desired objectives. You could not be signed in, please check and try again. Please, subscribe or login to access full text content. The conventional understanding of the term Proxy War or War by Proxy was defined during the Cold War period as a confrontation between two great powers by the use of substitute actors such as to avoid direct confrontation (Bar-Siman-Tov 1984). Featured • Original Articles Historical background of anti-Shia violence in today’s Pakistan. Today, the use of … [Dictionary 1] The United Nations does not wage war (or proxy war): its peacekeeping military actions are instead police actions. Add Comment. It accomplishes the two significant idea of global relations; “Security” and power or force”. States engage in proxy war for numerous reasons, the most important of which is the avoidance of direct conflict, especially with a state of greater or equal strength. If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Current theories suggest that two forms of proxy relationships exist, one characterized by an exploitative model and the other by a transactional model. To troubleshoot, please check our Simply select your manager software from the list below and click on download. 2. If you think you should have access to this title, please contact your librarian. Learn more. Yaacov Bar-Siman-Tov. Therefore, efficacy represents the long-term perspective. An individual user may print out a PDF of a single chapter of a monograph in SSO for personal use.date: 19 December 2020. , and if you can't find the answer there, please The bottom clusters on the map are coverage of the internal Ecuadorian politics of the withdrawal of Assange’s asylum. The strategy of war by proxy may be utilized to preserve the “peace” between the two powers directly.8 Given the contemporary neglect of superpower conflict strategies, this thesis critically examines proxy war as a viable national strategy for nuclear armed great powers to advance and/or defend their global national interests in a bipolar international system. DOI:10.11126/stanford/9781503608184.003.0004, Chapter 2 Sharpening the Definitions of Indirect Intervention and Proxy War, Chapter 3 The Evolution of Proxy War Since 1945, Chapter 6 South Africa’s Proxy War in Angola, Chapter 2 Sharpening the Definitions of Indirect Intervention and Proxy War, Chapter 3 The Evolution of Proxy War Since 1945, Chapter 6 South Africa’s Proxy War in Angola, Chapter 7 India’s Proxy War in Sri Lanka. Proxy War A war that results when opposing powers use third parties as substitutes for fighting each other directly. On one hand are the Syrian government loyalists (both the regular Syrian armed forces and allied militias), which are supported by Hezbollah, Iran, and Russia. Proxy Battles in Just War Theory Proxy Battles in Just War Theory. Proxy war or not, the bulk of the fighting in Syria is not about the regional balance of power. Tag - Iran Saudi Arabia Proxy War Theory. Jus in Bello, the Site of Justice, and Feasibility Constraints. The recourse to proxy war has been particularly prevalent since 1945 as the shadow of nuclear war ensured more acute selectivity in conflict engagement, Proxy Battles in Just War Theory Proxy Battles in Just War Theory. These substitute actors could be smaller states or non-state actors. Proxy War A war that results when opposing powers use third parties as substitutes for fighting each other directly. Andrew Mumford defines proxy war as “indirect engagement in a conflict by third parties wishing to influence its strategic outcome.” 4 It is the indirect nature of the benefactor’s involvement that distinguishes a proxy relationship from other supportive relationships, such as, for example, an alliance. In a proxy war, either side would strive to implement their own form of government, which would then serve as a beacon for similar revolutions in the region. In Yemen, they have. While conflicts in Ukraine and Afghanistan appear stuck, for the moment, in a precarious status quo, Syria, Iraq, Libya, and Yemen stand out as ground zero in multi-sided proxy wars that are testing international norms. Opportunistic Related-Issue Coverage: Right now, most coverage of the Assange issue, however, is being used as a proxy war for other matters. 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